Acknowledgments  ix

Introduction. The Rise and Fall of Tomorrow  1

1. Death and Politics, 1950s–2000s  21

2. 1980s: The Gangs to Live For  53

3. 1990s and Beyond: The Gangs to Die For  77

4. Democracy and Lock-Up  105

5. Open Ending  129

Notes  145

Bibliography  161

Index  177

"I was blown away by this book, by its originality, textured detail, and penetrating, multilayered analysis of the history of Guatemalan gangs. The most holistic work that I have read on so-called 'apolitical' gang violence in Latin America, it is at once deeply empathetic, even to people who have committed vicious acts, and sharply argumentative. Adiós Niño will have a big impact on Latin American studies, urban studies, and violence and memory studies across the fields of history, anthropology, and sociology."—Greg Grandin, author of Fordlandia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's Forgotten Jungle City and The Blood of Guatemala: A History of Race and Nation

"A must-read account of how the gangs of Guatemala were shaped by war and politics. Chilling and important."—John M. Hagedorn, author of A World of Gangs: Armed Young Men and Gangsta Culture

"Adios Niño is a first-class piece of social interpretation that plunges us deep into the darkness of the underworld. The result of incredible ethnographic fieldwork developed in dangerous conditions, it offers many methodological lessons for researchers."—Manolo E. Vela Castañeda, author of Los pelotones de la muerte: La construcción de los perpetradores del genocidio guatemalteco

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