Preface  vii

Acknowledgments  xv

Introduction. A Faithful Account of Colonial Racial Politics  1

1. Belonging to an Empire: Race and Rights  21

2. Suspicious Affinities: Loyal Subjectivity and the Paternalist Public  52

3. The Will to Freedom: Spanish Allegiances in the Ten Years' War  94

4. Publicizing Loyalty: Race and the Post-Zanjón Public Sphere  128

5. "Long Live Spain! Death to Autonomy!": Liberalism and Slave Emancipation  158

6. The Price of Integrity: Limited Loyalties in Revolution  187

Conclusion. Subject Citizens and the Tragedy of Loyalty  217

Notes  227

Bibliography  271

Index  

"Ever Faithful is an important book. Rather than add to the copious scholarship explaining how Cubans came to reject colonial rule, David Sartorius asks why so many remained loyal to Spain. Exploring how loyalty worked in practice, he focuses on people of color, whose allegiances were watched closely by both imperial and nationalist leaders. He offers an original and convincing thesis: that the history of loyalty explains as much or more about Cuban racial politics than does the history of revolution and independence."—Vincent Brown, author of The Reaper’s Garden: Death and Power in the World of Atlantic Slavery

"David Sartorius illuminates and complicates Cuban history from 1808 to 1898, focusing on loyalty to Spain to understand enduring colonial rule, the expansion and end of slavery, and a late and limited independence. Diverse Cubans negotiated Spanish citizenship. In a complex racial politics, opposition to empire and to slavery often diverged—prolonging both. Ever Faithful begins an essential rethinking of empire and citizenship, race and resistance in Cuba—with powerful implications for Brazil and the U.S."—John Tutino, author of Making a New World: Founding Capitalism in the Bajío and Spanish North America

"Ever Faithful: Race, Loyalty, and the Ends of Empire in Spanish Cuba is without a doubt among the most original interpretations of nineteenth-century Cuban history to appear in recent years. By not treating the path of nationhood as pre-ordained, David Sartorius focuses our attention on the phenomenon of loyalty—always contingent yet rooted in long historical processes of incorporation—and on the myriad historical actors who professed it. A valuable and welcome study."—Ada Ferrer, author of Insurgent Cuba: Race, Nation, and Revolution, 1868-1898

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