Acknowledgments ix

Introduction / Sheldon Pollock 1

Part I. Communication, Knowledge, and Power

1. The Languages of Science in Early Modern India / Sheldon Pollock 19

2. Bad Language and Good Language: Lexical Awareness in the Cultural Politics of Peninsular India, ca. 1300–1800 / Sumit Guha 49

3. A New Imperial Idiom in the Sixteenth Century: Krishnadevaraya and His Political Theory of Vijayanagara / Velcheru Narayana Rao, David Shulman, and Sanjay Subrahmanyam 69

Part II. Literary Consciousness, Practices, and Institutions in North India

4. The Anxiety of Innovation: The Practice of Literary Science in the Hindi Riti Tradition / Allison Busch 115

5. Writing Devotion: The Dynamics of Textual Transmission n the Kavitavali of Tulsidas / Imre Bangha 140

6. The Teaching of Braj, Gujarati, and Bardi Poetry at the Court of Kutch: The Bhuj Brajbhasa Pathsala (1749–1948) / Françoise Mallison 171

Part III. Inside the World of Indo-Persian Thought

7. The Making of a Munshi / Muzaffar Alam and Sanjay Subrahmanyam 185

8. Pages from the Book of Religions: Encountering Difference in Mughal India / Aditya Behl 210

9. "If There Is a Paradise on Earth, It Is Here": Urban Ethnography in Indo-Persian Poetic and Historical Texts / Sunil Sharma 240

10. Early Persianate Modernity / Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi 257

Part IV. Early Modernities of Tibetan Knowledge

11. New Scholarship in Tibet, 1650–1700 / Kurtis R. Schaeffer 291

12. Experience, Empiricism, and the Fortunes of Authority: Tibetan Medicine and Buddhism on the Eve of Modernity / Janet Gyatso 311

13. Just Where on Jambudvipa Are We? New Geographical Knowledge and Old Cosmological Schemes in Eighteenth-century Tibet / Matthew T. Kapstein 336

Contributors 365

Index 369

Sheldon Pollock

Sumit Guha

Velcheru Narayana Rao

Allison Busch

Imre Bangha

Francoise Mallison

Muzaffar Alam

Aditya Behl

Sunil Sharma

Mohamad Tavakoli-Targhi

Don Adams

Janet Gyatso

Matthew T. Kapstein

Peter Daly

Sunjay Subrahmanyam

“Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia succeeds in more than just skimming the surface of South Asian scholarship, and as a new entry in a
relatively sparse field, opens several important questions about how we, as scholars, recognize and define systems of knowledge in early modern history.” — Emily Rook-Koepsel, Journal of Early Modern History

”Yet the synergy created by bringing these excellent essays together in a single volume opens up new frameworks for the analysis of intellectual history. Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia is an exciting and path-breaking volume of essays that will surely entice others to undertake research along similar lines.” — Cynthia Talbot, Asian Studies Reader

“This compilation of essays is a valuable contribution to a nascent scholarly field that is beginning to chip away at too-long-held assumptions about the degree and kind of modernity that developed in South Asia.” — Erin E. O’Donnell, History: Reviews of New Books

“Given the range of geographic and linguistic areas that this volume covers, scholars might be tempted to read only those essays pertaining to their fields of specialization. The advantage of this book’s breadth, however, is that it enables the identification of wider trends that cross particular language zones. On the other hand, the overlapping themes that emerge in the course of such a study are balanced by the high level of detail in the individual studies.” — Supriya Gandhi, Sixteenth Century Journal

“This innovative volume contains thirteen essays on languages, knowledge traditions, and literary cultures in South Asia and Tibet in the three centuries before 1800…. The essays raise many interesting questions and bring to light fascinating material, and the book is highly recommended.” — Knut A. Jacobsen, Journal of World History

“The text is versatile for both specialist and student, for it introduces hundreds of little-known works that enrich areas where previous scholarship had all-too-often focused exclusively on religious literatures…. The volume ultimately makes the reader hungry for more, for more on South India and for more on the traffic in and out of Southeast Asia. The prospect of what is left to be discovered has never been more tantalizing.” — Tony K. Stewart, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient

“…[T]his is a timely investigation of a too-long neglected topic. Pollock’s edition serves as a valuable reference for future scholars of intellectual and literary history Mughal era while inspiring new studies expressing its comprehensive approach.”
— Annika A. Culver, The Journal of the North Carolina Association of Historians

“Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia succeeds in more than just skimming the surface of South Asian scholarship, and as a new entry in a
relatively sparse field, opens several important questions about how we, as scholars, recognize and define systems of knowledge in early modern history.” —Emily Rook-Koepsel, Journal of Early Modern History

”Yet the synergy created by bringing these excellent essays together in a single volume opens up new frameworks for the analysis of intellectual history. Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia is an exciting and path-breaking volume of essays that will surely entice others to undertake research along similar lines.” —Cynthia Talbot, Asian Studies Reader

“This compilation of essays is a valuable contribution to a nascent scholarly field that is beginning to chip away at too-long-held assumptions about the degree and kind of modernity that developed in South Asia.” —Erin E. O’Donnell, History: Reviews of New Books

“Given the range of geographic and linguistic areas that this volume covers, scholars might be tempted to read only those essays pertaining to their fields of specialization. The advantage of this book’s breadth, however, is that it enables the identification of wider trends that cross particular language zones. On the other hand, the overlapping themes that emerge in the course of such a study are balanced by the high level of detail in the individual studies.” —Supriya Gandhi, Sixteenth Century Journal

“This innovative volume contains thirteen essays on languages, knowledge traditions, and literary cultures in South Asia and Tibet in the three centuries before 1800…. The essays raise many interesting questions and bring to light fascinating material, and the book is highly recommended.” —Knut A. Jacobsen, Journal of World History

“The text is versatile for both specialist and student, for it introduces hundreds of little-known works that enrich areas where previous scholarship had all-too-often focused exclusively on religious literatures…. The volume ultimately makes the reader hungry for more, for more on South India and for more on the traffic in and out of Southeast Asia. The prospect of what is left to be discovered has never been more tantalizing.” —Tony K. Stewart, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient

“…[T]his is a timely investigation of a too-long neglected topic. Pollock’s edition serves as a valuable reference for future scholars of intellectual and literary history Mughal era while inspiring new studies expressing its comprehensive approach.”
—Annika A. Culver, The Journal of the North Carolina Association of Historians

“Cultural and postcolonial studies scholars conceptualize colonial power as overwhelmingly domineering, paying little attention to the complex changes underway in South Asia before British imperial domination. This creates a substantive gap, which Forms of Knowledge in Early Modern Asia begins to fill. This collection of excellent essays is a major addition to the literature on early modern Asia.” — David Ludden, author of, Early Capitalism and Local History in South India

“Deserving of our attention in their own right as splendid scholarly contributions to the growing field of early-modern studies in South Asia and Tibet, the essays in this collection have the additional merit of addressing, often explicitly, the fallacious but widespread tendency on the part of many to pronounce on colonial knowledge or modernity in the subcontinent without much engagement with what preceded them. Students of both precolonial and colonial South Asia will benefit from this book.” — Dipesh Chakrabarty, author of, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference

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