Acknowledgments vii

Introduction 1

1. Scenes of Liveness and Deadness 28

2. Sonic Maps of the Japanese Underground 64

3. Listening to Noise in Kansai 92

4. Genre Noise 117

5. Feedback, Subjectivity, and Performance 139

6. Japanoise and Technoculture 169

7. The Future of Cassette Culture 198

Epilogue: A Strange History 227

Notes 235

References 259

Index 279

“Scholars of global contemporary popular music and art music will welcome the fresh approach Novak seeks to develop in Japanoise, especially those interested in inventive uses of musical media and in the transnational movement of genres.” — Patrick Valiquet, Popular Musicology Online

“Novak successfully dissects Japanoise, specifically constructing around it an academic discourse that elevates it to pure performance art. . . . Novak’s commitment to listen to the sounds live, despite the risks to his own hearing, make for a lot of engaging field reports, increasing the value of his research.”
— Neural

“While Japanoise gives a fantastically detailed account of Noise’s history and evolution, it is also interesting to see it framed as a true representative of what has come to be known as ‘Cool Japan.’ As the government promotes sugary sweet pop acts that cause toothaches abroad, the grassroots noise scene (OK, it might be causing earaches) is making real progress in keeping Japan cool.” — Shaun McKenna, Japan Times

“Novak’s contribution to sound studies is to encourage us to deal with the fragmented complexity of sonic environments and contexts, especially those where noise plays a crucial part. . . . What sets Novak’s book apart . . . is how his ethnographic approach allows him to approach Noise music from both the macro-perspective of its historical context and the micro-lens of his personal relationship to it.”  — Seth Mulliken, Sounding Out! blog

“The major strength of Novak’s book lies in its ability to describe the goings on at various gigs in both Japan and the United States in such a way that the reader is able to sense something of what it must have been like to be there, just enough, perhaps, to wish that s/he had actually been there. For a reader such as this reviewer, indeed, there is much envy-inducing material here. In this respect, Novak’s book is very much in the David Toop school of writing, and as such there are many passages that provide the reader with truly engaging, fascinating and beautifully written accounts of some musical events the like of which will never be heard again.” — Greg Hainge, Asian Studies Review

“Novak succeeds in highlighting the cultural implications of Noise in ways that productively broaden scholarly inquiries about music and culture. This book is an invaluable, groundbreaking contribution for ethnomusicology that is applicable to scholars across disciplines with interests in transnationalism, technology, and globalization.” — Nana Kaneko, Ethnomusicology Review

“Japanoise is a rich and vivid account of a musical techno-culture.” — Max Ritts, Society and Space

“David Novak’s Japanoise is an excellent piece of scholarship: I’d recommend it to anyone interested in the history of extreme sound — or the vagaries of intercultural transmission.”   — Scott Whittaker, Ghost Outfit

“Through the delicacy and care with which he attends to noise, to its makers and its auditors, Novak shows us how to listen anew and to hear previously unreckoned constellations of sounds, feeding back through the circuitry of the global underground.” — Farley Miller, Make

“Novak’s monograph is a particularly cogent, theoretically astute work, which masterfully integrates sociological and cultural theory into a carefully contextualized discussion of Japanoise.” — Shelina Brown, Notes

"A remarkable display of scholarly integrity, Japanoise is grounded in deep commitment to the aesthetic drive of an expressive culture, locally grounded intellectual insights, and theoretical interventions with broad interdisciplinary implications." — Marie Abe, Pacific Affairs

“This is a thought-provoking book that is well written and researched, and it made me reflect on not just Noise as experimental music that pushes the boundaries of aesthetics and physical listening but also on listening to a variety of sounds in daily life, on our relationship to technology and our ability to shape sound through it, and on the collaborative connections and blurred identities that exist among artists, distributors, and consumers.” — Carolyn S. Stevens, American Ethnologist

"Novak’s mesmerizing writing style achieves the impressive (almost magical, it seemed to me) feat of depicting the art without confining it to narrative. Indeed, the manner in which Novak’s beautifully fragmented depictions of heterogeneous ethnographic 'scenes' tie together in a cohesive sort of chaos seemed intended to evoke Noise itself.” — Scott W. Aalgaard, Journal of Asian Studies

"Japanoise, on one hand, delineates Noise’s historical resonance with musique concrète, post-war jazz, experimental rock and Dada happenings, to name just a few orienting styles. On the other, it encourages and provides a template for approaching challenging music with sensitivity to its form as well as its cultural logic. The book thus astutely addresses not only scholars but students at a variety of levels." — Benjamin Tausig, Ethnomusicology Forum

“Scholars of global contemporary popular music and art music will welcome the fresh approach Novak seeks to develop in Japanoise, especially those interested in inventive uses of musical media and in the transnational movement of genres.” —Patrick Valiquet, Popular Musicology Online

“Novak successfully dissects Japanoise, specifically constructing around it an academic discourse that elevates it to pure performance art. . . . Novak’s commitment to listen to the sounds live, despite the risks to his own hearing, make for a lot of engaging field reports, increasing the value of his research.”
—Neural

“While Japanoise gives a fantastically detailed account of Noise’s history and evolution, it is also interesting to see it framed as a true representative of what has come to be known as ‘Cool Japan.’ As the government promotes sugary sweet pop acts that cause toothaches abroad, the grassroots noise scene (OK, it might be causing earaches) is making real progress in keeping Japan cool.” —Shaun McKenna, Japan Times

“Novak’s contribution to sound studies is to encourage us to deal with the fragmented complexity of sonic environments and contexts, especially those where noise plays a crucial part. . . . What sets Novak’s book apart . . . is how his ethnographic approach allows him to approach Noise music from both the macro-perspective of its historical context and the micro-lens of his personal relationship to it.”  —Seth Mulliken, Sounding Out! blog

“The major strength of Novak’s book lies in its ability to describe the goings on at various gigs in both Japan and the United States in such a way that the reader is able to sense something of what it must have been like to be there, just enough, perhaps, to wish that s/he had actually been there. For a reader such as this reviewer, indeed, there is much envy-inducing material here. In this respect, Novak’s book is very much in the David Toop school of writing, and as such there are many passages that provide the reader with truly engaging, fascinating and beautifully written accounts of some musical events the like of which will never be heard again.” —Greg Hainge, Asian Studies Review

“Novak succeeds in highlighting the cultural implications of Noise in ways that productively broaden scholarly inquiries about music and culture. This book is an invaluable, groundbreaking contribution for ethnomusicology that is applicable to scholars across disciplines with interests in transnationalism, technology, and globalization.” —Nana Kaneko, Ethnomusicology Review

“Japanoise is a rich and vivid account of a musical techno-culture.” —Max Ritts, Society and Space

“David Novak’s Japanoise is an excellent piece of scholarship: I’d recommend it to anyone interested in the history of extreme sound — or the vagaries of intercultural transmission.”   —Scott Whittaker, Ghost Outfit

“Through the delicacy and care with which he attends to noise, to its makers and its auditors, Novak shows us how to listen anew and to hear previously unreckoned constellations of sounds, feeding back through the circuitry of the global underground.” —Farley Miller, Make

“Novak’s monograph is a particularly cogent, theoretically astute work, which masterfully integrates sociological and cultural theory into a carefully contextualized discussion of Japanoise.” —Shelina Brown, Notes

"A remarkable display of scholarly integrity, Japanoise is grounded in deep commitment to the aesthetic drive of an expressive culture, locally grounded intellectual insights, and theoretical interventions with broad interdisciplinary implications." —Marie Abe, Pacific Affairs

“This is a thought-provoking book that is well written and researched, and it made me reflect on not just Noise as experimental music that pushes the boundaries of aesthetics and physical listening but also on listening to a variety of sounds in daily life, on our relationship to technology and our ability to shape sound through it, and on the collaborative connections and blurred identities that exist among artists, distributors, and consumers.” —Carolyn S. Stevens, American Ethnologist

"Novak’s mesmerizing writing style achieves the impressive (almost magical, it seemed to me) feat of depicting the art without confining it to narrative. Indeed, the manner in which Novak’s beautifully fragmented depictions of heterogeneous ethnographic 'scenes' tie together in a cohesive sort of chaos seemed intended to evoke Noise itself.” —Scott W. Aalgaard, Journal of Asian Studies

"Japanoise, on one hand, delineates Noise’s historical resonance with musique concrète, post-war jazz, experimental rock and Dada happenings, to name just a few orienting styles. On the other, it encourages and provides a template for approaching challenging music with sensitivity to its form as well as its cultural logic. The book thus astutely addresses not only scholars but students at a variety of levels." —Benjamin Tausig, Ethnomusicology Forum

"David Novak goes inside the Noise scene and presents an astounding perspective: historically astute, inspired, and completely shell-shocked." — Thurston Moore, Sonic Youth

"Edgy, compelling, and sharply insightful, this is the definitive book on 'Japanoise.' Drawing on his personal involvement in Noise scenes across two continents and over two decades, David Novak takes readers into the experience of Noise: its production and performance through apparati of wires, pedals, amplifiers, and tape loops, through its intensity on the stage and in one's ears and body." — Anne Allison, author of, Precarious Japan

"This is a striking book: theoretically exciting, aesthetically intriguing, and well crafted. Japanoise is an extreme case study of modern musical subjectivity that demonstrates how core cultural ideas are formed on the fringe. David Novak's treatment of circulation as embedded in the creative process will shift the debate in ethnomusicology, popular music studies, and global media studies." — Louise Meintjes, author of, Sound of Africa! Making Music Zulu in a South African Studio

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