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Subterranean Matters

Cooperative Mining and Resource Nationalism in Plurinational Bolivia

Book

Pages: 312

Illustrations: 22 illustrations

Published: February 2024

Author: Andrea Marston

In Subterranean Matters, Andrea Marston examines the ongoing history of Bolivian mining cooperatives, an economic formation that has been central to Bolivian politics and to the country’s economy. Marston outlines how mining cooperatives occupy a contradictory place in Bolivian politics. They were major backers of left-wing president Evo Morales in 2006 and participated significantly in the crafting of the constitution that would declare Bolivia a plurinational state. At the same time, many Bolivians regard mining cooperatives as thieves because they derive personal profits from the subterranean mineral resources that are the legal inheritance of all Bolivians. Through extensive fieldwork underground in Bolivian cooperative mines, Marston explores how these miners—and the subterranean spaces they occupy—embody the tensions at the heart of Bolivia’s plurinational project. Marston shows how persistent commitment to nation and nationalism is a shared feature of left-wing and right-wing politics in Bolivia, illustrating how bodies, identities, and resources fit into this complex political matrix.

Praise

“In this superb study, Andrea Marston follows Bolivia’s cooperative miners into the spaces, materials, and sedimented histories of the subterranean to write a brilliant account of the tensions and competing visions of the plurinational state. Stunningly original and brimming with insight, Subterranean Matters challenges us to reconsider how we understand the fraught relation between nature and nation in Latin America. This is material history at its very best.” - Bruce Braun, author of The Intemperate Rainforest: Nature, Culture, and Power on Canada’s West Coast

“Drawing on extensive ethnographic research and a deep engagement with scholarship on nationalism, ethnicity, political theory, materiality, and racialization in Bolivia and Latin America more generally, Andrea Marston uses the seemingly anomalous case of cooperative miners to analyze the twenty-first-century Latin American left as well as the rise of the right in Brazil, Colombia, and elsewhere. Clear and readable, this fascinating book contributes to literature on racialization and mestizaje in Latin America from a relational and material perspective.” - Elizabeth Ferry, Professor of Anthropology, Brandeis University

"Andrea Marston’s brilliant Subterranean Matters, the first English language monograph to examine Bolivian mining cooperatives, examines these little studied and poorly understood entities with a compassionate ethnographic sensibility."
  - Tom Perreault, Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences

"With Subterranean Matters, Marston contributes to a growing corpus of works on new materialisms that decenter the Enlightenment notion of 'the human' by showing how our notions of race, gender, and sexuality are built through contingent interactions with nonhuman materials. As an environmental humanist working in literary studies, I see Marston’s book joining a larger corpus of works highlighting the importance of underground spaces for the constitution of Western modernity. " - Nicolas Campisi, H-Environment, H-Net Reviews

"[Subterranean Matters is] an incredible text that weaves together careful ethnographic research with much-needed insights on the nexus of mineral resources, bodily formations, materialities, and the nation." - Adrienne Johnson, Journal of Latin American Georgraphy

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Information

Author/Editor Bios

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Andrea Marston is Assistant Professor of Geography at Rutgers University.

Table Of Contents

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List of Abbreviations  ix
Preface. Thieves of Patria  xi
Acknowledgments  xvii
Introduction. Fault Lines: Mining Cooperatives in Plurinational Bolivia  1
1. Subterranean Property: Geology, Theology, and the Law  31
2. Material Fix: Making Mining Cooperatives  59
3. Tangled Veins: Of Tubers and Tin  90
4. Flesh and Ore: Graded and Degraded Matters  123
5. Industrial Ruins: Matters of Time  163
6. Geology of Patria: Patrimony, Patronage, Violence  193
Afterword: Historical Matters and New Eruptions  223
Notes  237
References  255
Index  279

Rights

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Sales/Territorial Rights: World

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Awards

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Winner of the 2025 Latin American Studies Association’s Environment Section Best Book Award

Honorable Mention, 2025 Bryce Wood Book Award, presented by the Latin American Studies Association

Honorable Mention, 2025 Outstanding Publication Award presented by the Cultural and Political Ecology Specialty Group of the Association of American Geographers

Additional Information

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Paper ISBN: 978-1-4780-2563-4 / Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4780-2089-9 / eISBN: 978-1-4780-2776-8 / DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478027768