The American 1890s

List of Figures

Acknowledgments

A Timeline of America at Century’s End

Introduction

1. Becoming Cultured and Culture as Commodity

“The Ideal of Culture” (Chautauquan) / F. W. Gunsaulus, D.D.

“Wealth” (North American Review) / Andrew Carnegie

Brief Observations on the Habit of Reading (Critic)

“The Reading Habit”

“Courses of Reading”

“What Chicago People Read”

“A Note on Servants’ Libraries”

“The Novel-Reading Habit” (Arena) / George Clarke, Ph.D.

“The Pelican” (Scribner’s) / Edith Wharton

“The Economic Theory of Women’s Dress” (Popular Science Monthly) / Dr. Thorstein Veblen

2. The Idea of Types

“The Modern American Mood” (Harper’s) / William Dean Howells

“The Provincials,” from a series, “Sketches of American Types” (Scribner’s) / Octave Thanet

”The Conduct of Life,” from a series, “The Art of Living” (Scribner’s) / Robert Grant

“Talma Gordon” (Colored American Magazine) / Pauline E. Hopkins

“The Ecollege Graduate and Public Life” (Atlantic Monthly) / Theodore Roosevelt

“The Awakening of the Negro” (Atlantic Monthly) / Booker T. Washington

“The Status of Woman, Past, Present, and Future” (Arena) / Susan B. Anthony

3. Labor

“The Workers—The West: Among the Revolutionaries” (Scribner’s) / Walter A. Wyckoff

“In the Depths of a Coal Mine” (McClure’s) / Stephen Crane

“A Paying Concern: A True Story of American Factory Life” (McClure’s) / Gertrude Roscoe

“The Night Run of the ‘Overland’: A Story of Domestic Life Among the Railroad People” (McClure’s) / Elmore Elliott Peake

“Women and Girls in Sweat-Shops” (Chautauquan) / Florence Kelley

“Working-Girls Clubs,” (Scribner’s) / Clara Sidney Davidge

4. Social, Ethnic, and Racial Strife

“Club Life Among Outcasts” (Harper’s) / Josiah Flynt

“The Future of the Red Man” (Forum) / Simon Pokagon

“Lynch Law in the South” (North American Review) / Frederick Douglass

“A Ghetto Wedding” (Atlantic Monthly) / Abraham Cahan

“The Genesis of the Gang” (Atlantic Monthly) / Jacob A. Riis

“Step-Brothers to Dives” (Harper’s) / Louise Betts Edwards

5. Mental Health & Physical Training

“ The Gospel of Relaxation” (Scribner’s) / William James

“Fashion’s Slaves” (Arena) / B. O. Flower

“ Woman and the Bicycle” (Scribner’s) / Marguerite Merington

“A Fin de Cycle Incident” (Outing) / Edna C. Jackson

“Physical Education vs. Degeneracy” (Independent) / H. W. Foster

“On Being Civilized Too Much” (Atlantic Monthly) / Henry Charles Merwin

6. The Promises of Formal Education

“A Negro Schoolmaster in the New South” (Atlantic Monthly) / W. E. Burghardt Du Bois

“Modern College Education” (Cosmopolitan) / John Brisben Walker

“The Greatest Need of College Girls” (Atlantic Monthly) / Annie Payson Call

“The School Days of an Indian Girl” (Atlantic Monthly) / Zitkala-Sa

“The March of Progress” (Century) / Charles W. Chesnutt

“The Ingrate” (New England Magazine) / Paul Laurence Dunbar

“The Genius of Bowlder Bluff” (Scribner’s) / Abbe Carter Goodloe

7. The Future and Cultural Change

“What a Great City Might Be—A Lesson from the White City” (New England Magazine) / John Coleman Adams

“The Problem of the West” (Atlantic Monthly) / Frederick J. Turner

“The Divorce of Man from Nature” (Arena) / Anna R. Weeks

“Susan’s Escort” (Harper’s) / Edward Everett Hale

“Twenty-Four: Four” (Harper’s) / Elizabeth Stuart Phelps

“Within an Ace of the End of the World” (McClure’s) / Robert Barr

Bibliography

Index