Acknowledgments  ix
Abbreviations  xi
Introduction  1
Part I. El Agua de la Revolución (The Water of the Revolution)
1. River of Revolution  23
2. The Debate over Damming and Pumping El Agua de la Revolución  59
3. Distributing El Agua de la Revolución  95
Part II. The Second Agrarian Reform
4. Life and Work on the Revolutionary Dam Site and Ejidos  131
5. (Counter)Revolutionary Dam, Pumps, and Pesticides  163
6. Rehabilitating El Agua de la Revolución  191
Epilogue. The Legacies of Water Use and Abuse in Neoliberal Mexico  219
Appendixes  231
Notes  239
Bibliography  287
Index  305

"[Watering the Revolution] will alter how scholars understand Mexico’s emblematic agrarian reform in La Laguna and, one would hope, how teachers teach it. . . . Without a doubt a major contribution to the field." — Matthew Vitz, H-LatAm

"This book provides an almost entirely new disciplinary focus in Latin America by addressing the complex relationship between the environment and development: envirotech history. . . . Pioneering." — Gavin O'Toole, Latin American Review of Books

"Mikael Wolfe has delivered a pivotally important contribution to the ongoing transformation of our understanding of Mexico during its long, often conflictive, always contested twentieth century." — John Tutino, Journal of Social History

"Wolfe . . . meticulously unpack[s] the history of social conflict and revolutionary water management in northern Mexico’s La Laguna cotton heartland during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries." — Patrick Cosby, H-Water

"Complete with in depth appendices and strong archival research, Wolfe’s book develops views of the land, centered on the most vital resource we have: water. While the intricacies of his research may help those interested in Mexican environmental history, he also appeals to a wider audience as he ventures beyond the land, recognizing water’s role in relation to the social, political, economic and most importantly the environmental and technological processes around it as it dictates the path of history." — Victoria Machado, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics

"This book provides important insights into the tensions between the need to develop water resources sustainably and the need for socio-economic development. . . . A definite ‘must’ for scholars of Mexican agrarian history and scholars interested in understanding how politics, technology and the environment intertwine to shape the dynamics of water resources development and its impacts on society." — Jaime Hoogesteger, European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies

"A revealing portrait of the difficulties that undergird the rapprochement of economic development and environmental conservation, Watering the Revolution is necessary reading for upper-level undergraduate and graduate environmental history courses across geographical boundaries." — Ela Miljkovic, Environment and History

"Wolfe brings a fresh perspective to the Mexican Revolution, and invites other scholars to re-examine this well-studied episode from an environmental starting point." — Kathleen Kole de Peralta, Canadian Journal of History

"A landmark study. . . . This fresh vision of Mexican history over the long twentieth century should be considered as required reading for historians of technology, the environment, agrarian politics, and society in Latin America and beyond." — Christopher Boyer, Environmental History

“A smart, well-crafted book.” — Casey Walsh, Journal of Interdisciplinary History

“The publication of this book by Mikael D. Wolfe is very good news for all scholars concerned with the twentieth-century history of Mexico and Latin America. Highly commended.” — Luis Aboites Aguilar, Hispanic American Historical Review

“An impressive work of scholarship. Mikael D. Wolfe masterfully rewrites the history of Mexico’s arid north-central Laguna region.” — Helga Baitenmann, Journal of Latin American Studies

"[Watering the Revolution] will alter how scholars understand Mexico’s emblematic agrarian reform in La Laguna and, one would hope, how teachers teach it. . . . Without a doubt a major contribution to the field." —Matthew Vitz, H-LatAm

"This book provides an almost entirely new disciplinary focus in Latin America by addressing the complex relationship between the environment and development: envirotech history. . . . Pioneering." —Gavin O'Toole, Latin American Review of Books

"Mikael Wolfe has delivered a pivotally important contribution to the ongoing transformation of our understanding of Mexico during its long, often conflictive, always contested twentieth century." —John Tutino, Journal of Social History

"Wolfe . . . meticulously unpack[s] the history of social conflict and revolutionary water management in northern Mexico’s La Laguna cotton heartland during the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries." —Patrick Cosby, H-Water

"Complete with in depth appendices and strong archival research, Wolfe’s book develops views of the land, centered on the most vital resource we have: water. While the intricacies of his research may help those interested in Mexican environmental history, he also appeals to a wider audience as he ventures beyond the land, recognizing water’s role in relation to the social, political, economic and most importantly the environmental and technological processes around it as it dictates the path of history." —Victoria Machado, Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics

"This book provides important insights into the tensions between the need to develop water resources sustainably and the need for socio-economic development. . . . A definite ‘must’ for scholars of Mexican agrarian history and scholars interested in understanding how politics, technology and the environment intertwine to shape the dynamics of water resources development and its impacts on society." —Jaime Hoogesteger, European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies

"A revealing portrait of the difficulties that undergird the rapprochement of economic development and environmental conservation, Watering the Revolution is necessary reading for upper-level undergraduate and graduate environmental history courses across geographical boundaries." —Ela Miljkovic, Environment and History

"Wolfe brings a fresh perspective to the Mexican Revolution, and invites other scholars to re-examine this well-studied episode from an environmental starting point." —Kathleen Kole de Peralta, Canadian Journal of History

"A landmark study. . . . This fresh vision of Mexican history over the long twentieth century should be considered as required reading for historians of technology, the environment, agrarian politics, and society in Latin America and beyond." —Christopher Boyer, Environmental History

“A smart, well-crafted book.” —Casey Walsh, Journal of Interdisciplinary History

“The publication of this book by Mikael D. Wolfe is very good news for all scholars concerned with the twentieth-century history of Mexico and Latin America. Highly commended.” —Luis Aboites Aguilar, Hispanic American Historical Review

“An impressive work of scholarship. Mikael D. Wolfe masterfully rewrites the history of Mexico’s arid north-central Laguna region.” —Helga Baitenmann, Journal of Latin American Studies

"Mikael D. Wolfe's detailed and original analysis of Mexico's Laguna region and of the crucial question of water supply—from the armed Revolution of 1910 through the radical land reform of the 1930s and the Green Revolution—highlights the important role that environmental and technological issues have played in twentieth-century Mexico and, in doing so, fills a major historiographical gap." — Alan Knight, author of, The Mexican Revolution

"Offering a new interpretation of a very famous event in Mexican revolutionary history, Mikael D. Wolfe shows this compelling story to be more than a drama; it is a tragedy—without lessons learned. Watering the Revolution is a piece of terrific scholarship and an important book." — Myrna I. Santiago, author of, The Ecology of Oil: Environment, Labor, and the Mexican Revolution, 1900–1938

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