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Unmaking Botany

Science and Vernacular Knowledge in the Colonial Philippines

Book

Pages: 280

Illustrations: 39 illustrations

Published: April 2025

In Anglo-European botany, it is customary to think of the vernacular as that which is not a Latin or Latinized scientific plant name. In Unmaking Botany, Kathleen Cruz Gutierrez traces a history of botany in the Philippines during the last decades of Spanish rule and the first decades of US colonization. Through this history, she redefines the vernacular, expanding it to include embodied, cosmological, artistic, and varied taxonomic practices. From the culinary textures of rice and the lyrics crooned to honor a flower to the touch of a skirt woven from banana fiber, she illuminates how vernaculars of plant knowing in the Philippines exposed the philosophical and practical limits of botany. Such vernaculars remained as sovereign forms of knowledge production. Yet, at the same time, they fueled botany’s dominance over other ways of knowing plants. Revealing this tension allows Gutierrez to theorize “sovereign vernaculars,” or insight into plants that made and unmade the science, which serves as a methodological provocation to examine the interplay of different knowledge systems and to study the history of science from multiple vantage points.

Praise

“Examining the intersections of colonization, science, and nature, Unmaking Botany innovatively illustrates how botany in the colonial Philippines was shaped as much by scientific ideals and transimperial agendas as it was by science’s own epistemological limitations, internal disagreements, and nomenclatural instabilities. With this argument, Kathleen Cruz Gutierrez draws important attention to how imperial science and knowledge systems are inflected by particular historical contexts, social contours, epistemologies, and material structures. A landmark work.” - Sophie Chao, author of In the Shadow of the Palms: More-Than-Human Becomings in West Papua

“In this remarkable history of imperial botany, Kathleen Cruz Gutierrez shows how the colonial project of Latinizing plant species was constantly tripped up by the persistence of vernacular names and practices among local populations, destabilizing the very systematicity of the botanical project. Through its beautifully written and finely crafted examination of the complexity of imperial botany, this brilliant and timely book will speak to a wide range of readers in science studies, colonial studies, Southeast Asian and Philippines studies, American studies, and beyond.” - Vicente L. Rafael, author of The Sovereign Trickster: Death and Laughter in the Age of Duterte

"In her (perhaps aptly entitled) new book, Unmaking Botany, Kathleen C Gutierrez sets about describing not just the history of botany in the Philippines but how the practice of it intersected with the imperial projects of Spain and the United States. She combines history of science with political science and an almost anthropological approach to the material to a provide a different perspective on an otherwise reasonably well-known narrative of one colonial regime giving way to another, it helps that she writes well, and has a keen eye for the interesting fact, telling anecdote and (sometimes darkly) humorous aside." - Peter Gordon, Asian Review of Books

"Gutierrez performs the demagnification of the colonial experience to bring autonomous history to new heights." - Charlie Samuya Veric, Pacific Affairs

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Author/Editor Bios

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Kathleen Cruz Gutierrez is Assistant Professor of History at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

Table Of Contents

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A Note on Orthography, Terms, and Formatting  ix
Introduction. Sovereign Vernaculars  1
Part I. A Botany at Its Most Defined
1. An Asymptotic Taxonomy  29
2. Scientific Statecraft  55
Part II. Science in a Place of Flux
3. Ubiquitous Sampaguita  85
4. Woven Transformations  107
Part III.  Assembling a Wider Expanse
5. Field Labor’s Menace  135
6. The Latin Babble  159
Conclusion. Of Place, Moment, and Source  183
Acknowledgments  199
Notes  205
Bibliography  235
Index  273

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Sales/Territorial Rights: World, excluding Philippines

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Additional Information

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Paper ISBN: 978-1-4780-3148-2 / Hardcover ISBN: 978-1-4780-2827-7 / eISBN: 978-1-4780-6047-5 / DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9781478060475